Andrew Cusack

Pondering the Shape of Things to Come

Posted by Andrew Cusack on May 09, 2008

The realm of prophecy and prediction is a notoriously dangerous territory in which to venture if one takes things too seriously, but I hope you will forgive a light little wander into that domain. The question at hand is the rise and fall of nations. The period since the collapse of European Communism from 1989 to 1991 has witnessed a great deal of instability, transition, and change, and it helps to step back from the precipice of turbulence to sit and have a look at things and ponder where they might be headed. I offer here a few thoughts and suggestions as to the way I believe things might very well turn out. What follows are merely free thoughts, mental meanderings certainly open to (and indeed begging for) open and intelligent criticism.

First, how did we get where we are? The tripple whammy of depression, world war, and cold war changed the United States indelibly. With little regard for the Constitution, our government had been re-engineered to be on a permanent war footing. While the wars shifted, the footing remained nonetheless. The first war was Roosevelt’s battle against the Great Depression, which was an utter failure. The second was the World War, in which we managed to defeat not only our enemies Germany and Japan but also our ally, Great Britain, plunging her into debt and ordering her to dismantle her empire. The third war was the Cold War against our former ally the Soviet Union.

With the collapse of the Soviet sphere, the United States government was uncertain which of the many paths ahead it should choose. Simply calming down and letting America (and the world) get on with its own business may seem like the obvious answer to ordinary Joe Bloggs, but that was probably not even considered by our overlords in Washington (the mentality there by now forbids even entertaining the idea of being an ordinary country with ordinary problems). The 1993 World Trade Center bombing was a not-terribly-subtle hint that fundamentalist Islam was willing to step up and have a go at us, but Clinton-era Washington didn’t seem terribly interested in the fight, thinking the Islamists were an irritating fly that required nothing more than the occasional swat of the hand to make go away again.

So having won the Cold War and finding itself with nothing better to do, America decided it’d have a go at the Cold War all over again. And what a breeze it was! With an amusingly (for Americans) or embarrassingly (for Russians) drunkard at the helm of the Russian ship of state, it was just too easy to expand NATO willy-nilly, stick a few Western bases on Russia’s doorstep, and persuade a few countries to stray from the traditionally Russian sphere of influence.

But the combination of the stabilization of Russia under Putin and the second, successful attack against the World Trade Center changed Washington’s little walk in the park. September 11th required an immediate and large-scale military response against the Taliban in Afghanistan, but was later coupled with the somewhat opportunistic adventure in enforcing universal (i.e. American) values in Iraq. (An interesting question is whether or not the U.S. would still be in dire straits had Washington only invaded Afghanistan and not Iraq as well.)

Billions of dollars later, confidence in the American dollar has taken a big hit, the price of oil has skyrocketed (ditto wheat and therefore food), and BearStearns came close to levelling the intricate house of cards known as Wall Street. The immediate effect of Russia’s stabilization (taking our economic woes into account as well) has been the humiliating defeat of Washington’s plans for the continued expansion of NATO, the Cold War hangover that just refused to go away.

So that is, roughly, where we find ourselves now. What of the future? It seems plain to me that China and the U.S. will draw nearer and nearer. China has purchased America’s debt (remember America controlled Great Britain’s debt in 1945) and the two countries have become economically interdependent. 1918-1945 saw the shift of political power from Whitehall to Washington and economic power from the City of London to Wall Street. Are we slowly witnessing a similar shift, from Washington to Beijing and from New York to Shanghai?

China has been yearning to transform its maritime force into a blue-water navy capable of projecting Chinese power. But the ultimately necessary component of a powerful navy is an aircraft carrier and China, despite having purchased the never-completed Soviet carrier Varyag (ostensibly for “turning into a casino"), China does not yet have an operating aircraft carrier. (A quick question: which countries currently maintain aircraft carriers? The U.S., U.K., Russia, France, Spain, Italy, India, Brazil, and Thailand.)

Perhaps China will be content to control the U.S. behind the scenes and use it as its proxy military force. Or perhaps China will offer to cancel America’s debt for a pair of carriers. (We do have eleven supercarriers, after all. Eleven.)

An increasing closeness between the waxing People’s Republic of China and the waning United States might cause distinct discomfort in the capitals of Japan and South Korea. Something for someone who knows more about Asia than I to ponder.

Iran seems to be the big winner in the Middle East today. Iraq has been handed to it on a platter unintentionally by the bumbling, bumptious United States (who have also been courteous enough to fight Iran’s other major enemies, al-Qaeda and the Taliban). While Iran may seem to be in the ascendant, the fact nonetheless remains that it is Shia while the rest of the Muslim world is Sunni, and this will ultimately prevent it from ever being the Number One Nation in Islam.

The recent dramatic cuts to the Royal Navy can be interpreted as an invitation for Argentina to bide its time and wait for the right moment to seize the Falklands once more. Outsiders may think this prediction farcical, but they underestimate the level of Argentine nationalism. I was quite surprised during the brief part of my schooling spent in Argentina to discover that a great majority of Argentines still think the Falklands are theirs by right. Our geography textbooks even had farcical little maps depicting “los Malvinas” with all the main features denominated with invented Spanish names. (Port Stanley is boringly rechristened “Puerto Argentino”, while the humble Pebble Island is given the much more grand and royal name of “Isla Borbón").

It would be convenient for whatever government succeeds New Labour to simply claim that the Blair/Brown cuts were so extensive as to be “irreversible”, an Argentine seizure can be presented as a fait accompli, and London could very well wash its hands of the Falklands while offering all the Falklanders a plane ticket to Heathrow should they want one. However, for Argentina to seize the archipelago again would require strengthening its armed forces, and strengthening the Argentine Armed Forces in effect means creating an alternative power source to the civilian government. Only an unpopular government would consider invading the Falklands, and an unpopular government would be unwise to strengthen the military, given that they might take advantage of such an opportunity to turn out an unpopular government and thereby increase their own popularity. Still, were the right factors (or rather the wrong factors) in place, it is a distinct possibility.

The big question, however, is what will happen to Europe. There seem far too many possibilities to consider today, so I am afraid I must leave them for another day or another blogger.


Comments

But the ultimately necessary component of a powerful navy is an aircraft carrier and China

Questionable--China is not interested in expanding that far, and it doesn’t need aircraft carriers to deploy aicraft against Taiwan or to defend against incoming aircraft. What it needs to defend against US naval forces that might be sent to intervene would be attack subs.

Posted by pb on May 09, 2008.

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A good point, and China has been building that sub base on Hainan.

But this is only speaking of the defense of territorial China. What if China wants to defend its (ever-increasing) interests in Africa? A carrier would be pretty hand for that. (And supposing China and the US drew nearer they would have no real reason to fear US naval forces).

However, perhaps they have no intention of getting into nasty entanglements to defend their overseas interests and will simply bolster local proxies to do their bidding or else accept the loss of an interest or two here and there and look for another to make up for it.

How bout the war with Burma?  A link to this article was the main front story on CNN.com!!!!

http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1739053,00.html?cnn=yes

“I was quite surprised during the brief part of my schooling spent in Argentina to discover that a great majority of Argentines still think the Falklands are theirs by right.”

Really, and what else do you think they should believe?

Posted by H.A. on May 10, 2008.

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Andrew,
I highly recommend you read fellow Takimag contributor Gary Brecher’s views on the “necessity” of aircraft carriers. I view I have long held.
“U Sank my Carrier!”
http://www.exile.ru/articles/detail.php?ARTICLE_ID=6779&IBLOCK_ID=35
“Take America’s Navy Battle Group…Please!”
http://www.exile.ru/articles/detail.php?ARTICLE_ID=15976&IBLOCK_ID=35
If the Chinese are smart, they will simply use any carrier research either for training purposes, or to reinforce conventional thinking on the part of the USN.

Posted by timH on May 10, 2008.

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timH--Thanks for the links--useful real-world evidence to back up the critiques of aircraft carriers/carrier groups I’ve read online.

Posted by pb on May 10, 2008.

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As for the need to project airpower--China may indeed rely instead on alliances and diplomacy to resolve problems in Africa involving her national interest--if the source of the problem happens to be 4GW opponents, air power won’t really be of much use except in a support role.

Posted by pb on May 10, 2008.

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Thank you for a thoroughly less-than-pedestrian analysis.

Britain and the US have always had cultural similarities but the cultural differences between the Rope-sellers and the Chi-comms will never be bridged whether the rope is sold or not.  And since when would two lousy aircraft carriers have as much leverage with Rope-sellers as “your money in my bank”?

Iran is not a winner. In case you haven’t quite figured it out, Israel is the only winner...thus far.

And who cares about the Falklands? It was a footnote then and it will always be a footnote of inconsequence.

Sorry, kid, but you would have been better off pondering your belly button. If you want prophecies, try the prophecies of Fatima, all of which have come true and continue to come true, including the Third Secret which remains unpublished for very obvious reasons. Of course you won’t convince the Vatican2 apostates, excuse me, apologists but then you can always leave that “for another blogger or another day.”

http://www.traditioninaction.org/HotTopics/a014htFatimaShrine.htm

Andrew,
Just curious: when were you in Argentina? I taught there a few years back.

Ah, Dr Cathey, I remember reading on here that you were working on something to do with Carlists.  I am a Catholic Blanc d’Espagne and I have a lot of questions, particularly about Francisco de Asís, Isabella de Borbón, and Enrique Puigmoltó y Mayans—and what certain cases of infidelity would mean for the Legitimist cause.  Are you familiar ?

Charles,
Indeed, I remember you from well-written postings of earlier days. And, yes, I did my doctoral work on a Carlist
philosopher/political leader, Juan Vazquez de Mella (at the University of Navarra in Pamplona).

The absolute authority on the Spanish dynastic crisis of the 19th century would be my dear friend Alexandra Wilhelmsen (University of Dallas), but I do have substantial source materials. You mention Don Francisco de Asis, the cousin of Isabella II who married her (with dispensation), and indeed there is quite a bit written on the topic, and whether the marriage was ever truly consumated. Various Carlist apologists and writers maintained that it never was. Still, the fait accompli was that Isabella II, of the “liberal side” of the Borbon dynasty was able to consolidate power during the First Carlist War (1833-1840) and hold on to it until 1868; an heir (Alfonso XII) was, however, produced....

However, since this thread is not really about that topic, perhaps we should take this subject off-thread?

I agree.  What is your email address, if you do not mind ?

Charles,
Sorry to be so late in responding. I must admit that I am a bit hesitant to give out my
email address publicly, given some of the individuals who lurk about on these threads. Can
you suggest a better way of exchanging addresses?

H.A.: “Really, and what else do you think they should believe?”

That the Falklands are British!

timH: Mr. Brecher makes a very convincing case. Perhaps China, with no carriers, is wiser than the U.S. with eleven.

teachem2think: “And who cares about the Falklands?”

Falkland Islanders, Argentines, and Britons (in that order). No home is inconsequential to its inhabitants.

Dr. Boyd D. Cathey: I was in Argentina in 2001, at a school just outside Buenos Aires.

I’m British - afaik Britain has maintained a sizable garrison in the Falklands since the war, more than enough to deter any plausible Argentine attack.

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